UNDER CONSTRUCTION

This has two modules

  • Learning Module: To review the content of the subject.

  • Self assessment module: You should use this module only after you have read textbooks or have knowledge of the subject and are ready to see whether you have comprehended the subject.

 

LUMEN Learn 'Em Arteries

Heart
Right atrium
Location Identify right atrium
Receives CT: Follow SVC entering right atrium.
Empties into CT: Right atrium emptying into right ventricle. 
Tricuspid Valve Tricuspid valve permits blood flow into right ventricle
Relationship CT: Note the relationship of right atrium to other chambers of heart.
Heart Border CT: Note which heart border, the right atrium forms
Appearance in Angiogram
  CXR: Identify the location of right atrium
  Ultrasound
  MR:
Left atrium
Location  

Receives

CT: Pulmonary veins entering left atrium
Empties CT: Left atrium emptying into left ventricle
Mitral valve  CT: Note mitral valve leaflet. Note its location.
Relationship CT: Relationship of LA to Esophagus
  Barium Swallow: Note the indentation of Esophagus by left atrium
  CXR: Left main stem bronchus along the superior margin of left atrium.
Heart Border CXR: Note left atrial appendage forming a portion of left heart margin.
  Left atrium forms the posterior margin of heart.
Appearance in Angiogram
  Ultrasound
  MR:
Right ventricle
Location Locate right ventricle
Location Locate right ventricle
Receives Blood from right atrium
  Tricuspid valve separates right atrium from right ventricle
Empties CT:Right atrium emptying into right ventricle. 
  Pulmonary artery originates from right ventricle
  Pulmonary valve separates right ventricle from pulmonary artery
Relationship

CT: Note the relationship of right ventricle to Sternum.

Relationship CT:Note the relationship to other chambers of heart
Septum CT:Note the inter ventricular septum
Appearance in Angiogram
  CXR: Locate right ventricle
  Ultrasound
  MR:
   
Left ventricle
Location  
Receives Left atrium empties into left ventricle
  Mitral valve separates left atrium from left ventricle.
  Chorda tendinae and papillary muscle anchor mitral valve to left ventricle
Empties Aorta originates from left ventricle
  Aortic valve separates left ventricle from Aorta
Wall thickness

CT: Note left ventricular wall thickness and Inter ventricular septum compared to right ventricle

Heart margin CT: Forms apex of heart and part of left heart border
Relationship  
Appearance in Angiogram
  CXR: Locate left ventricle
  Ultrasound
  MR:
Aorta
Thoracic Aorta
Drawing Follow Aorta from Aortic valve, ascending, arch and descending portions of Aorta.
Angiogram Follow Aorta from Aortic valve, ascending, arch and descending portions of Aorta
CXR Follow various portions of Aorta
Ascending aorta
Model Note the origin of Aorta from Left ventricle and its relationships.
Course Angiogram: Ascending Aorta Start and end
Aortic valve CT: Aortic valve
Branches Angiogram: Branches of Ascending Aorta 
Relationship  CT: Main pulmonary artery is to  left of aortic root.
Appearance in CXR
  MR
  Angiogram
Arch of aorta
Course Angiogram: Start and end of arch of aorta.
Origin CT: Start of aortic arch
Course CT: Aorta arching across mediastinum
Branches Angiogram: Branches of arch of aorta
Branches Major branches of Thoracic Aorta. 
Branches    CT: Major branches on the surface of aortic arch
Relationship  
Appearance in CXR
  MR
  Angiogram
Descending aorta
Course Angiogram: Aorta and branches
Relationship CT: Relation to Esophagus, left pleura and Vertebra
Relationship CT: Relation to Esophagus, left pleura and Vertebra
Relationship CT: Relation to Esophagus, left pleura and Vertebra
Appearance in CXR
  CXR: Locate various portions of Aorta
  MR
  Angiogram
Brachio cephalic artery
Course Angiogram: Aorta and branches
Dissection  
Origin CT: Starting from the arch of aorta
Relationship  CT:Relation to brachiocephalic vein
Relationship CT:Relation to brachiocephalic vein
Branches CT:Divides into right common carotid and right subclavian arteries
Left Common carotid artery
Course Angiogram: Aorta and branches
Origin CT:Starting from the arch of aorta
Origin CT:Middle branch of the arch of aorta
Origin CT:Middle branch of the arch of aorta
Relationship CT:Courses towards neck
Relationship CT:Courses into neck
Branches  

Subclavian artery

Course Angiogram: Origin of subclavian
Branches Angiogram: Branches of subclavian artery
Origin CT: Lat branch off of arch of aorta
Relationship CT:Relation to trachea and esophagus
Relationship CT:Relation to trachea and esophagus
Relationship CT:Coursing into neck
Coronary artery
Branches Drawing: Coronary artery and its branches
Origin Angiogram: Branch of Ascending Aorta 
Angiogram Left Coronary artery
Angiogram Right Coronary artery
Angiogram Branches of LCA
Angiogram Branches of RCA
   
Superior Vena cava
Location SVC entering right atrium
Origin         CT: Left joining right brachiocephalic vein to form SVC
Origin CT:Left joining right brachiocephalic vein to form SVC
Relationship CT:Relationship to Aorta and right pulmonary artery
Ends CT:SVC drained into right atrium
Tributaries CT:Azygous vein joining SVC
Appearance in  
  Angiogram
  CXR: Locate SVC
  MR
  Nuclear Medicine
Brachiocephalic veins
Formation CT: Internal jugular vein joins subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein
Formation CT: Internal jugular vein joins subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein
Formation CT: Left joins right brachiocephalic vein to form SVC
Course CT: Left brachiocephalic crosses mediastinum towards right brachiocephalic vein
Course CT: Right brachiocephalic descends vertically

Coronary Sinus

Location Coronary sinus
Location Coronary sinus in the atrioventricular groove and entering right atrium

Azygous vein  /   Hemiazygous vein

Location CT: Locate Azygous vein and identify the nearby structures
Location CT:Locate Azygous and Hemiazygous veins.
Relationship CT:Azygous vein relation to Aorta, Vertebra and Esophagus

Relationship

CT:Note the relationship of Hemiazygous vein relation to Aorta, Vertebra and diaphragmatic crus

Course

CT:Hemiazygous connecting to left renal vein in this case.

Course

CT:Hemiazygous crosses over to join Azygous vein
Course CT:Azygous joining SVC
Appearance in  
  Venogram  Patient with mediastinal fibrosis and obstructed SVC, showing large azygous vein entering SVC
  CXR  Patient with mediastinal fibrosis and obstructed SVC, showing large azygous vein entering SVC
Inferior vena cava /Thoracic Portion
Location  
Course  
Appearance in CXR: Locate IVC
  Lateral CXR: Locate IVC
  CT: IVC entering RA
Pulmonary artery
Location Locate main pulmonary artery.
Course CXR  Pneumo-mediastinum outlining  right pulmonary artery. End on view.
Course CXR: Pneumo-mediastinum outlining left and right pulmonary arteries.
Relationship CT: Maim pulmonary artery to the  left of Aorta
Branches CT: Divides into left and right pulmonary arteries
Branches

CT: Pulmonary artery branches in the lungs.

Appearance in  
  Angiogram: Main Pulmonary artery
  Angiogram:  Right Pulmonary artery
  Angiogram:  Left Pulmonary artery
  Angiogram:  Lateral view
  CXR:  Locate pulmonary arteries
  Lateral: Locate left and right pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Course CT: Pulmonary veins entering left atrium.
Course

CT: Left Pulmonary veins entering left atrium.

Appearance in  
  CXR: Locate pulmonary veins